Kiwifruit is originally known as Chinese gooseberry. The first kiwifruit tree in New Zealand was planted from
seeds brought from China in 1904 by Isabel Fraser, a headmistress of the
Wanganui Girls’s College.
Auckland-based fruit packers Turners and Growers
briefly named the fruit “melonette”, but the move was proven a mistake as
melons and berries were charged heavier import tariffs at that time.
Thus in 1959, Sir Harvey Turner renamed the ‘melonette’
to ”kiwifruit”, derived from the Maori word ‘kiwi’ referred to the native kiwi
birds.
Kiwifruit is the berry fruit of a woody vine in the
genus Actinidia. The
genus Actinidia contains around 60
species, native to temperate eastern Asia.
The fruit is a large berry containing numerous small seeds. In most Actinidia
species, the fruits is edible. The skin
of the fruit varies in size, shape, hairiness and colour. The flesh too varies in colour, juiciness,
texture, and taste.
The most common kiwifruit is the fuzzy kiwifruit ( A. deliciosa ). Other species commonly eaten include : baby
kiwifruit ( A. arguta ), golden
kiwifruit ( A. chinensis ), Chinese
egg gooseberry ( A. coriacea ), Arctic
kiwifruit ( A. kolomikta ), red
kiwifruit ( A. melanandra ), silver
kiwifruit ( A. polygama ), purple
kiwifruit ( A. purpurea ), etc.