中国地理标志产品 : 福建省 之 水果

 中国地理标志是中华人民共和国政府为保护源产地优质产品，而向经过有关部门认证的源产地产品颁发的产品地理标志。凡通过中国地理标志认证的产品，均可在其产品表面张贴中国地理标志图样。中国地理标志的认证机构主要是国家质量监督检验检疫总局。中国地理标识产品的保护，源于1999年推出的的原产地域产品保护制度。

所谓原产地域产品，是指“利用产自特定地域的原材料，按照传统工艺在特定地域内所生产的，质量、特色或者声誉在本质上取决于其原产地域地理特征并依照本规定经审核批准以原产地域进行命名的产品” 。

地理标志产品包括：
● 来自本地区的种植、养殖产品。
● 原材料全部来自本地区或部分来自其他地区，并在本地区按照特定工艺生产和加工的产品。

地理标志产品制度的实施，主要是为了保护地方特产和农民利益，打击假冒伪劣产品的泛滥。

PLU Codes

PLU ( Price Look Up ) codes have been used by supermarkets since 1990 to make check-out and inventory control easier, faster and more accurate.

IFPS  (International Federation for Produce Standards ) is the global organization that assigns PLU codes to produce items.

The PLU number identifies produce items based upon various attributes which can include the commodity, variety, growing methodology (eorganic or GMO), and the size.

The 4- and 5- digit PLU Codes for produce are randomly assigned within a series of numbers within the 3000, 4000, 83000 and 84000 series.  The prefix of '9' would be placed in front of the 4-digit conventionally grown code for organic produce.

The codes are not intended to convey information to consumers. They are simply business tools for accurate price rings at the cash register, inventory control and category management.

Currently, there are over 1,450  PLU codes​ assigned for fresh produces.

Weird Fruits & Vegetables

Intermarché, a supermarket chain in France, launched a campaign to help prevent food waste by providing unattractive fruits and vegetables which are just as delicious as their pristine counterparts.

The campaign is supported by advertising agency Marcel who, with the help of photographer Patrice de Villiers, produces 7 posters starring the unattractive produce : the grotesque apple, the ridiculous potato, the hideous orange, the failed lemon, the disfigured eggplant, the ugly carrot, and the unfortunate Clementine.

2014 is declared by European Union as the Year against Food Waste.

Ongrizinal Papaya Milkshake 木瓜奶昔

Papaya milkshake is a very popular drink in S.E. Asia.   

To prepare papaya milk, just add papaya to a glass of milk and blend with a food processor.  The quantity and quality of papaya and milk are crucial in making a good papaya milkshake.   The right combination is often well guarded and kept secret.  It is not surprise some papaya milkshake can’t even pass own taste bud, while some manage to sell it franchise worldwide.

Well, for me, papaya milkshake is another way of having papaya and milk.  I don’t have fresh milk in my fridge, so I substitute with formula milk.  For a cup of milk, I put in 2 slice of papaya.  In case its too thick, adding more milk will just do.   

Dabai - A Folklore Freeze-Storing Technique

Dabai ( Canarium odontophyllum ) is an exotic fruit indigenous to Sarawak.  It is normally consumed as vegetable, occasionally made into cakes.

Dabai is a seasonal fruit, available at the same time as the durians.     It is pre-soaked in warm water to softened it before consuming with some soy sauce and sugar.  It’s a bit creamy, some describe it as similar to avocados.  An acquired taste, I may put it, not everyone would enjoy it.   Yet, it is still a well received fruit-vegetable among Sarawakians.

However, dabai is a highly perishable produce.  It cannot be stored for long after harvest.  Once soaked, it must be consumed immediately.   So, it is very hard to acquire during off-seasons.

One day, in Miri’s Aunt Hong new house, I learned that there is a folklore technique to store the dabai fruits.   The fruits are kept in the freezer, without being pre-washed.  When required, wash and put the dabai in room temperature to defrost.  Once its defrosted, just add in soy sauce and sugar to marinate.  Soaking in warm water not required, as the freezing will damage the plant cell membranes, resulting of the dabai fruits to softened. 

Apparently, the freezing burst the plant cells as moisture will slightly expand when reaches temperature of approximately 4°C.   When water almost reaches the freezing point, it expand by approximately 9%.  Damages on cell wall means softening of tissue.      

However, the freezing method requires more proper study.

   

以形补形

“以形补形” 的理论是中医中重要的“取象比类”思维的延展，是一种取于形象归于抽象再用于形象并辅于生活经验矫正的方法论。它不是完全可以全套照搬、更不能按字面意思来解释。


孙思邈 ( miǎo ) ( 541 或 581 – c 682 ) ，唐朝京兆华原（现陕西耀县）人， 创立了“以脏补脏”和“以脏治脏”的理论。他利用羊骨粥来治疗肾虚怕冷；以羊肝来治疗夜盲雀目；用鹿肾医治肾虚阳萎。



民间流传的“吃啥补啥”，如：木瓜丰胸、猪脑补脑、虎鞭壮阳、以肝补肝等，就不可盲目跟从。

科学可取：以血补血、胡桃补脑。

Passion Fruit Juice

Passion fruit is Passiflora edulis, a vine from the New World, from the family Passifloraceae. 

The fruit is acidic ( which I don’t like ), yet with rich aroma.  

GuoHao gave me some passion fruit , and I decided to make it into passion fruit juice.  First I extracted the pulp from 2 fruits, mix it with a glass of water, add some sugar, and served chilled. 

Nice !  

the pulp, in a halved passion fuit



a couple of seeds, floating



more seeds settled at bottom



炒木瓜 Stir-fried Papaya - Experimental Cooking

It had been quite a long time since I last experimenting with papaya in kitchen. 

This time, I stir-fried it !  Sound scary ?

Lets get started !.... first I saute some anchovies.  Then put in the sliced papaya.  Just make sure the papaya is not too  ripe and soft.  Pour in a bit water and simmer for a while.  Just add salt to taste.

雪梨茶 Snow Pear Herbal Tea

材料

雪梨干，无花果干，蜜枣干，橘饼，北杏，南杏

功效

止渴润喉，生津止咳

评语

未必好喝

Papaya Soup - Experimental Cooking

I bought 2 unripe papayas last week, hoping they would ripen in a few days.  But they started to develop lesions before managed to ripe.   ( … better not buy unripe papaya anymore )

I had no choice but to cut it premature.  The semi-ripe papayas are somehow too bland for any tongue.

So… instead of torturing myself with tasteless papayas, I throw in into a pot with some minced chicken and some 2liters of H₂O.  After simmer for a while, and a pinch of salt and MSG,  voilà !  Papaya soup for dinner !

Nasi Durian

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Having rice with durian is an awesome experience !

A plate of hot rice, with a generous portion of durians, plus a cucumber soup….. yum yum !

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Starfruit 杨桃

Nutrient Content

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A medium-large star fruit weights about 100g. The table shows nutrients per 100g of edible portion of a star fruit, with comparison to Dietary Recommended Intakes per day for a 19-30 years old adult.

Nutrient	unit	Amount per 100g	DRI
Water	g	91.38	3.7 liter
Energy	kcal	31	2,500
Energy	kJ	128	n.a.
Protein	g	1.04	n.a.
Total lipid (fat)	g	0.33	n.a.
Ash	g	0.52	n.a.
Carbohydrate	g	6.73	130
Fiber, total dietary	g	2.8	38
Sugars, total	g	3.98
Minerals
Calcium, Ca	mg	3	1000
Iron, Fe	mg	0.08	8
Magnesium, Mg	mg	10	400
Phosphorus, P	mg	12	700
Potassium, K	mg	133	4.7
Sodium, Na	mg	2	1.5
Zinc, Zn	mg	0.12	11
Copper, Cu	mg	0.137	900
Manganese, Mn	mg	0.037	2.3
Selenium, Se	mcg	0.6	55
Vitamins
Vitamin C, total ascorbic acid	mg	34.4	90
Thiamin	mg	0.014	1.2
Riboflavin	mg	0.016	1.3
Niacin	mg	0.367	16
Pantothenic acid	mg	0.391	5
Vitamin B-6	mg	0.017	1.3
Folate, total	mcg	12	400
Choline, total	mg	7.6	550
Vitamin B-12	mcg	0	2.4
Vitamin A, RAE	mcg_RAE	3	900
Retinol	mcg	0	n.a.
Carotene, beta	mcg	25	n.a.
Carotene, alpha	mcg	24	n.a.
Cryptoxanthin, beta	mcg	0	n.a.
Vitamin A, IU	IU	61	n.a.
Lycopene	mcg	0	n.a.
Lutein + zeaxanthin	mcg	66	n.a.
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)	mg	0.15	15
Vitamin D (D2 + D3)	mcg	0	5
Vitamin K (phylloquinone)	mcg	0	120

Source :

1. USDA Nutrient Data Laboratory

2. USDA National Agricultural Library’s Food & Nutrition Information Center

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